Real2SAM2Real Generative 3D Caches as Complementary Context for Video Diffusion

University of Maryland, College Park *Equal contribution
TL;DR

Real2SAM2Real is a 3D-aware video generation framework that integrates a generative 3D cache to provide VDMs with instance-complete geometric guidance. This enables precise, decoupled control over both camera trajectories and multi-entity motions, preventing structural collapse under complex camera shifts and severe occlusions. Crucially, by fully decoupling geometry and appearance conditions, it ensures robustness even for non-Lambertian surfaces, fluids, and other complex phenomena.

Overview

Real2SAM2Real method overview: a single input image is lifted by SAM 3D into an explicitly editable 3D cache that conditions a video diffusion model, enabling camera control, object manipulation, editing, removal, and motion transfer.

Real2SAM2Real is a 3D controllable video generation framework featuring an explicitly editable 3D cache that enables precise control over both cameras and scenes. Existing methods predominantly rely on implicit diffusion priors to generate unobserved regions, inevitably leading to structural collapse during high-dynamic movements or complex occlusions. To address this, our framework leverages 3D lifting models (e.g., SAM3D) to extract this explicitly editable 3D cache, serving as a robust geometric scaffold for the VDM. By capturing the entire 3D volume of foreground entities rather than just their visible shells, this cache injects holistic spatial priors into the VDM, providing dependable 3D-aware guidance for complex scene dynamics. To effectively leverage this 3D guidance while preserving pre-trained priors, we design a Soft Spatial-Aligned Injection mechanism alongside a minimally invasive fine-tuning strategy tailored for VDMs. Furthermore, we employ masked normal maps as a cross-modal bridge to construct a 3D-free data curation and perturbation pipeline. Extensive experiments demonstrate that Real2SAM2Real enables precise, decoupled control over both camera trajectories and multi-entity motions. By utilizing the complementary context from generative 3D caches, our framework overcomes typical breakdowns caused by over-reliance on diffusion priors, maintaining exceptional spatiotemporal consistency under large camera shifts and severe occlusions. Crucially, by decoupling geometry from appearance, our VDM-tailored 3D cache eradicates perspective ambiguities caused by structural holes and erroneous facades, as well as misleading cues from reflections and refractions.

Camera Control with Large Movement and Occlusion

We show camera control with large viewpoint changes and significant occlusions, comparing Real2SAM2Real to SOTA baselines.

Extreme Camera Trajectory

Extreme camera trajectories that stress-test geometric consistency and scene completion under large motion, comparing Real2SAM2Real to SOTA baselines.

Reflection and Refraction and Fluid Dynamics

Challenging scenes involving reflections, refraction, and fluid dynamics where a clean decoupling of geometry and appearance is essential, comparing Real2SAM2Real to SOTA baselines.

Object Manipulation

Object manipulation results comparing our Real2SAM2Real editing to SOTA baselines.

3D Guidance + Text Editing

While adding 3D control, Real2SAM2Real retains the strong pretrained text-prompt ability to describe additional visual effects; together they enable complex, controllable video generation.

Motion Transfer

Motion from a source scene is transferred to target images while preserving appearance and layout.

motion transfer source 1
Source Image
motion transfer source 2
Target Image 1
motion transfer source 3
Target Image 2
Coarse Generative Geometry
Target Video 1
Target Video 2

Ablation

Ablations on perturbation and soft spatial injection, two key components of our training recipe.

BibTeX

@article{wu2026real2sam2real,
  title={Real2SAM2Real: Generative 3D Caches as Complementary Context for Video Diffusion},
  author={Wu, Jiayi and Cai, Haoming and Fermuller, Cornelia and Metzler, Christopher and Aloimonos, Yiannis},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.00299},
  year={2026}
}